%0 Journal Article %J Ecological Modeling %D 2004 %T Useful techniques of validation for spatially explicit land-change models. %A Pontius, R.G., Jr. %A Huffaker, D. %A Denman, K. %K LTER-PIE %K LUCC Model %K Null Scale %K prediction %K Resolution %K Validation %B Ecological Modeling %V 179 %P 445-461 %G eng %M PIE132 %] NSF-LTER-PIE %R 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.05.010 %F Journal Article