@article {stopak_quantifying_2022,
	title = {Quantifying the Importance of Ice-Rafted Debris to Salt Marsh Sedimentation Using High Resolution UAS Imagery},
	journal = {Remote Sensing},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {5499},
	abstract = {Salt marshes are vulnerable to sea-level rise, sediment deficits, and storm impacts. To remain vertically resilient, salt marshes must accrete sediment at rates greater or equal to sea-level rise. Ice-rafted debris (IRD), sediment that has been moved and deposited from ice sheets, is one of many processes that contribute to salt marsh sediment accretion in northern latitudes. On 4 January 2018, a winter storm caused major ice mobilization in the Plum Island Estuary (PIE), Massachusetts, USA, which led to large deposits of ice-rafted sediment. We aimed to quantify the volume and mass of deposited sediment, and evaluate the significance of IRD to sediment supply in Plum Island using pixel-based land-cover classification of aerial imagery collected by an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) and a Digital Elevation Model. Field measurements of patch thickness, and the area of IRD determined from the classification were used to estimate annual sediment accretion from IRD. Results show that IRD deposits are localized in three areas, and estimates show that IRD contributes an annual sediment accretion rate of 0.57 {\textpm} 0.14 mm/y to the study site. New England salt marsh accretion rates typically vary between 2{\textendash}10 mm/y, and the average PIE sediment accretion rate is 2.5{\textendash}2.7 mm/y. Therefore, this event contributed on average 20\% of the annual volume of material accreted by salt marshes, although locally the deposit thickness was 8{\textendash}14 times the annual accretion rate. We show that pixel-based classification can be a useful tool for identifying sediment deposits from remote sensing. Additionally, we suggest that IRD has the potential to bring a significant supply of sediment to salt marshes in northern latitudes and contribute to sediment accretion. As remotely sensed aerial imagery from UASs becomes more readily available, this method can be used to efficiently identify and quantify deposited sediment.},
	keywords = {pixel-based classification, salt marshes, sediment transport, storms},
	issn = {2072-4292},
	doi = {10.3390/rs14215499},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/21/5499},
	author = {Stopak, Sarah and Nordio, Giovanna and Fagherazzi, Sergio}
}
@mastersthesis {PIE495,
	title = {Quantifying and Valuing Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration as Ecosystem Services in Salt Marshes.},
	volume = {MS},
	year = {2020},
	note = {Grad},
	school = {Villanova University},
	type = {mastersthesis},
	address = {Villanova, PA},
	keywords = {carbon, inorganic nutrients, LTER-PIE, nitrogen, organic matter, salt marshes, sediments, sequestration},
	author = {Demberger, S.}
}
@article {PIE463,
	title = {Fate of cohesive sediments in a marsh-dominated estuary},
	journal = {Advances in Water Resources},
	volume = {125},
	year = {2019},
	note = {Grad},
	pages = {32-40},
	keywords = {disturbance, LTER-PIE, numerical modelling, ponds expansion, salt marshes, sediment exchange, trapping capacity},
	doi = {10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.01.003},
	author = {Zhang, X. and Leonardi, N. and Donatelli, C. and Fagherazzi, S.}
}
@article {PIE475,
	title = {Soil creep in a mesotidal salt marsh channel bank: Fast, seasonal,and water table mediated},
	journal = {Geomorphology},
	volume = {334},
	year = {2019},
	note = {PI},
	pages = {126-137},
	keywords = {bank erosion, climate, disturbance, ecogeomorphology, LTER-PIE, salt marshes, tidal channels},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.03.001},
	author = {Mariotti, G. and Kearney, W.S. and Fagherazzi, S.}
}
@phdthesis {PIE399,
	title = {Modeling the effect of Marine Processes on Deltaic Wetland},
	volume = {PhD},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Grad},
	school = {Boston University},
	type = {phdthesis},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	keywords = {disturbance, erosion, LTER-PIE, salt marshes, sedimentation, waves, wind waves},
	author = {Leonardi, N.}
}
@article {PIE358,
	title = {Latitudinal variation in the availability and use of dissolved organic nitrogen in Atlantic coast salt marshes},
	journal = {Ecology},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Collab Plum Data},
	keywords = {dissolved organic nitrogen, inorganic nutrients, LTER-PIE, primary production, salt marshes},
	doi = {10.1890/13-1823.1},
	author = {Mozdzer, T.J. and McGlathery, K.J. and Mills, A.L. and Zieman, J.C.}
}
@article {PIE331,
	title = {Salt marsh primary production and its responses to relative sea level and nutrients},
	journal = {Oceanography},
	volume = {26},
	number = {3},
	year = {2013},
	note = {PI Plum Data},
	pages = {78-84},
	keywords = {disturbance, inorganic nutrients, LTER-PIE, primary production, salt marshes, sea level},
	doi = {10.5670/oceanog.2013.48},
	author = {Morris, J.T. and Sundberg, K. and Hopkinson, C.S.}
}
@article {PIE283,
	title = {The ebb and flood of silica: Quantifying dissolved and biogenic silica fluxes from a temperate salt marsh},
	journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {95},
	year = {2011},
	note = {Collab Plum Data},
	pages = {415-423},
	keywords = {biogenic silica, diatoms, dissolved silica, inorganic nutrients, LTER-PIE, nutrient cycles, primary production, salt marshes},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2011.10.012},
	author = {Vieillard, A., and R.W. Fulweiler, R.W. and Hughes, Z. and Carey, J.}
}
@article {PIE259,
	title = {How does vegetation affect sedimentation on tidal marshes?  Investigating particle capture and hydrodynamic controls on biologically mediated sedimentation},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	volume = {115},
	number = {F03029},
	year = {2010},
	note = {PI Coastal},
	keywords = {disturbance, hydrodynamics, LTER-PIE, salt marshes, sedimentation},
	doi = {10.1029/2009JF001566},
	author = {Mudd, S.M. and D{\textquoteright}Alpaos, A. and Morris, J.T.}
}
@article {PIE251,
	title = {Limits on the adaptability of coastal marshes to rising sea level},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {37},
	year = {2010},
	note = {PI Plum Data},
	keywords = {accretion, climate, disturbance, ecogeomorphology, estuaries, global change, LTER-PIE, salt marshes, sea level, sediments, vegetation, wetland},
	doi = {10.1029/2010GL045489},
	author = {Kirwan, M.L. and Guntenspergen, G.R. and D{\textquoteright}Alpaos, A. and Morris, J. T. and Mudd, S.M. and Temmerman, S.}
}
@phdthesis {PIE359,
	title = {Variation in the availability and utilization of dissolved organic nitrogen by the smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora},
	volume = {PhD.},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Collab Plum Data},
	pages = {179},
	school = {University of Virginia},
	type = {phdthesis},
	address = {Charlottesville, VA},
	keywords = {inorganic nitrogen, LTER-PIE, primary production, salt marshes},
	author = {Mozdzer, T.J.}
}
